New Crypto Law: How Will It Reshape The Crypto Market?

In a landmark development for the cryptocurrency sector, the U.S. Congress has passed its first standalone crypto legislation. This significant move represents a major shift in the regulatory landscape for digital assets, targeting the controversial SEC’s Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 121 (SAB 121). but what is a "Crypto Legislation" and what are the particularities of this standalone legislation? Here are the full details of this legislative breakthrough, the background and criticisms of SAB 121, and the broader implications for the cryptocurrency market.

1- What is Crypto Legislation?

Crypto legislation refers to laws and regulations specifically designed to govern the use, trading, and management of cryptocurrencies and digital assets. These laws aim to provide a legal framework for various aspects of the cryptocurrency ecosystem, including but not limited to:

1. Regulatory Compliance: Ensuring that cryptocurrency activities comply with existing financial regulations, anti-money laundering (AML) laws, and combating the financing of terrorism (CFT) measures.
2. Consumer Protection: Protecting users and investors from fraud, scams, and other malicious activities in the crypto space.
3. Market Integrity: Promoting transparency, fairness, and stability in cryptocurrency markets.
4. Innovation Facilitation: Encouraging innovation and growth in the digital asset industry while maintaining a balance with regulatory oversight.
5. Taxation: Establishing guidelines for the taxation of cryptocurrency transactions and holdings.

2- What is a Standalone Legislation and what is SAB 121?

Standalone legislation refers to a law or bill that addresses a specific issue or subject independently, rather than being part of a broader legislative package. Key characteristics include:

1. Focused Scope: It targets a particular area or problem, providing detailed rules and regulations specific to that subject.
2. Independence: It is not bundled with other laws or reforms, allowing for more straightforward and targeted discussion, debate, and implementation.
3. Clarity and Precision: Standalone legislation often provides clear and precise directives, making it easier to understand and enforce.
4. Timeliness: It can be introduced and passed to address urgent issues without waiting for larger, more comprehensive legislative efforts.

SAB 121, issued by the SEC, has been a contentious regulation since its inception. This bulletin requires entities holding crypto assets for users to record these assets as liabilities and corresponding assets at fair value on their balance sheets. Critics argue that this accounting treatment places undue financial burdens on banks and financial institutions, particularly those providing crypto custody services. The stringent requirements of SAB 121 could deter institutions from entering the crypto custody market due to the high costs and complexities involved.

3- What is the New Crypto Standalone Legislation? 

What Is the Target of This New Standalone Legislation?

After the inception of the SAB 121, many financial institutions declared its negative impact. 

So, the Congressional Review Act (CRA) was invoked to overturn SAB 121, marking a significant victory for advocates of financial innovation and regulatory reform. The new standalone crypto legislation passed by the U.S. Congress was mainly designed to:

1. Overturn SAB 121: Address the specific requirements imposed by SAB 121, which mandated that entities holding crypto assets for users record these assets as liabilities and corresponding assets at fair value on their balance sheets.
2. Relieve Financial Burdens: Mitigate the financial and operational burdens imposed on banks and financial institutions by SAB 121, facilitating their participation in the crypto custody market.
3. Promote Financial Innovation: Support a more innovation-friendly regulatory environment for digital assets.

By focusing exclusively on the repeal of SAB 121, this standalone legislation aims to quickly and effectively address a pressing issue within the cryptocurrency industry without being delayed by broader legislative processes.

Who can overturn this Standalone Legislation?

Despite strong support in Congress for repealing SAB 121, and its praise by House Financial Services Committee Chair, President Joe Biden has threatened to veto the decision, citing concerns about financial instability and market uncertainty. The White House has warned that limiting the SEC’s regulatory authority over crypto assets could have adverse effects on the broader financial system. This stance underscores the complexities and competing interests in shaping crypto regulation, necessitating careful deliberation and collaboration among policymakers, regulators, and industry stakeholders.

4- How will the new Standalone Legislation affect the Crypto Market?

The repeal of SAB 121 and the passage of the CRA represent pivotal moments in the evolution of crypto regulation in the United States. By challenging the SEC’s regulatory framework and asserting congressional oversight, lawmakers have shown a willingness to address the flaws in existing regulations and adopt a more inclusive approach to digital assets. The outcome of this legislative effort will have far-reaching implications for the cryptocurrency market, influencing investor sentiment, market dynamics, and future regulatory trends.

The U.S. Congress’s decision to overturn SAB 121 is a significant milestone in the ongoing debate over crypto regulation. While the repeal is a victory for proponents of regulatory reform, the broader implications for the cryptocurrency market remain to be seen. As the dialogue among policymakers, regulators, and industry stakeholders continues, the need for pragmatic solutions and collaboration becomes increasingly critical. Ultimately, this legislative battle will shape the future trajectory of the crypto industry and its role in the global financial landscape.